When you invest through Rubey, you invest in a regulated investment product that owns one or more real, tangible assets, such as a museum-worthy artwork or an iconic collectible car.

You receive security tokens that represent your fractional economic rights in that investment structure. These rights are legally defined and give you exposure to the financial performance of the underlying asset, including potential appreciation and proceeds when the asset is sold.

You are not buying a digital object or a speculative crypto product. You are investing in a professionally structured and managed investment backed by real cultural assets.

No technical background is required, but you do need to set up and use your own digital wallet.

A digital wallet is comparable to a bank account for digital assets. It is the place where your Rubey security tokens will be held. While Rubey explains what a wallet is and how it is used, each investor sets up their own wallet independently.

We recommend using MetaMask, a widely adopted digital wallet that is free of charge. Setting up a wallet typically takes only a few minutes, after which you simply provide Rubey with your wallet address.

You do not need to understand blockchain technology, crypto trading or smart contracts. For most users, the wallet is the only new concept, and once it is

securities and ensure that every investor is a real, identifiable person.

Identity verification serves three purposes:
- It ensures your investment is legally recognised
- It protects against fraud or misuse of identity
- It links your identity to your wallet, so ownership is always clear

Without verification, Rubey cannot legally allocate security tokens.

You can invest on Rubey before your account is fully verified.

If you invest as an unverified user, Rubey gives you 7 days to:
- Complete your personal profile
- Connect a wallet
- Successfully complete the KYC process

If your account is not verified within 7 days, your investment amount will be automatically reimbursed.

Verification is always required before tokens can be allocated to your wallet. Without verification, Rubey cannot deliver the investment.

For most users, onboarding takes less than 10 minutes once all documents are ready.

This includes:
- Completing personal details
- Identity verification (KYC)
- Connecting a wallet

In most cases, verification is completed within minutes. Occasionally, additional checks may be required, which can take slightly longer.

Yes, and it depends on the type of project.

Single Asset Products (SAPs):
- Minimum investment: €250
- Maximum investment: €10,000

Multiple Asset Products (MAPs):
- Minimum investment: €25,000
- Maximum investment: €500,000

The applicable limits are always clearly shown on the project page before you invest.

Yes. Rubey allows you to invest first and verify afterwards.

However, verification must be completed within 7 days. Tokens can only be allocated once your account is fully verified and your wallet is confirmed.

Completing verification promptly ensures your investment is finalised without interruption.

Rubey investments are primarily aimed at EU-based investors.

Final eligibility is determined during the KYC verification process. This process confirms whether you meet the applicable legal and regulatory requirements for a specific project.

Any restrictions are clearly communicated during onboarding and before your investment is finalised.

A digital wallet is a personal digital account that holds your security tokens, similar to how a bank account holds money.

On Rubey, your wallet is the legally recognised place where your investment is delivered and recorded. It allows Rubey to allocate your tokens directly to you and ensures that ownership is always clear and verifiable.

Without a wallet, Rubey cannot allocate security tokens, just like money cannot be transferred without a bank account number.

That depends on the type of investment, but Rubey always encourages investors to use their own personal wallet.

- For Single Asset Products (SAPs), investors must use their own personal wallet.
- For Multiple Asset Products (MAPs), Rubey can provide a custodial wallet if needed.

However, custodial wallets cannot be used on the Rubey secondary market. Only personal wallets allow investors to freely trade tokens with other verified investors on the platform.

In all cases, using your own wallet gives you maximum control, flexibility and future access to liquidity.

Security tokens are not like crypto tokens.

If you lose access to your wallet, you simply need to inform Rubey. Because tokens are issued as regulated securities, Rubey can take corrective action.

After verification:
- Your old wallet is disconnected from your account
- A new wallet is linked to your verified identity
- The tokens in the old wallet are burned
- New tokens are minted and allocated to your new wallet

This ensures that your ownership rights are preserved, even if access to a wallet is lost.

Rubey cannot move tokens arbitrarily and cannot access your wallet.

However, as issuer of the security tokens, Rubey can mint and burn tokens within the legal framework of the investment product. 

This only happens in clearly defined situations, such as:
- Wallet recovery after loss of access
- Redemption or exit events
- Regulatory or corporate actions within the investment structure

Rubey cannot use this mechanism to take ownership of tokens or bypass investor rights.

When you complete verification, Rubey creates an on-chain identity for you.

This on-chain identity links:
- Your verified personal data
- Your approved wallet address

Together, this creates a Rubey-verified (whitelisted) wallet.

Rubey security tokens are programmed at protocol level so that they:
- Can only be sent to whitelisted wallets
- Cannot be transferred to unknown or unverified addresses

This ensures that every token is always linked to a verified investor and remains fully compliant at all times.

Yes. Rubey’s setup is designed to be inherently secure.

Key protections include:
- Tokens cannot be transferred to unidentified wallets by protocol
- Wallets are identity-linked and verified
- Ownership is recorded on an immutable blockchain
- Rubey does not hold assets centrally for SAP investors

Even if someone were to gain access to your wallet, they could not send your tokens to an unverified address. This makes theft or misuse extremely difficult.

Your tokens remain valid and linked to your identity, independent of the Rubey platform interface.

Because:
- Ownership is recorded on a public blockchain
- Tokens represent rights in a legal investment structure
- Wallets are identity-linked and verifiable

Your economic rights do not disappear if Rubey as a company were to cease operations. Any such situation would be handled within the legal framework governing the investment product.

A Single Asset Product (SAP) focuses on one specific, iconic asset, such as a single artwork or a collectible car. All investors co-invest in that one asset through a single regulated structure.

A Multiple Asset Product (MAP) is a curated investment fund that invests in a collection of assets within a specific theme or category, such as classical art, digital art or collectible cars.

In short:
- SAPs provide exposure to one clearly identified asset
- MAPs provide diversification across multiple assets within one fund

Each project page explains:

- What assets the project invests in
- The investment horizon and strategy
- The curatorial and institutional partners involved
- The intended exit approach

If you prefer exposure to a single, clearly identifiable asset, a SAP may suit you best. If you prefer diversification within one asset category, a MAP may be more appropriate.

The right choice depends on your personal investment goals and time horizon.

As a tokenholder, you receive economic ownership rights within the investment structure.

This includes:
- Your proportional share in the underlying asset(s)
- Your claim on potential appreciation
- Your share of proceeds when assets are sold
- Access to reporting and updates
- The ability to transfer or sell tokens within the Rubey ecosystem

Day-to-day asset management is handled by Rubey and its appointed partners.

Yes.

Rubey investment products are structured as tax-transparent simple partnership structures. The partnership owns the artwork(s) or collectible(s), and investors co-own the assets through the partnership.

Your security tokens represent your fractional ownership interest in that partnership and therefore your economic co-ownership of the underlying asset(s), without requiring you to manage or physically hold them.

Before any acquisition, the asset is subject to independent valuation by expert valuers.

Typically:
- Two independent valuation studies are performed
- These valuations are conducted separately from each other
- The acquisition only proceeds if the valuation reports confirm that the purchase price is justified

This process ensures discipline, objectivity and market alignment before a project is launched.

Selection depends on the type of product.

- For SAPs, assets are selected by Rubey curators, supported by independent external valuations.
- For MAPs, asset selection follows a dual approval process: ○ Museum curators assess artistic and cultural quality
- Rubey curators assess transaction quality and pricing

Both parties must independently approve an acquisition before it can proceed.

Assets are managed under professional, museum-grade conditions and are intended to be on public display as much as possible.

When not on display, assets are stored securely according to institutional standards. Exhibition and asset management are handled by Rubey in collaboration with its museum and institutional partners.

Yes.

Public exhibition is a core principle of Rubey. Assets must be on public display whenever possible, not stored away in private vaults.

When assets are exhibited, investors can visit them as members of the public. Depending on the project and partner institution, additional invitations or access moments may be offered.

Returns can be generated in two ways, depending on the type of product.

For Single Asset Products (SAPs): Once the primary offering has ended, SAP tokens can be traded on the Rubey platform with other verified investors. This means you may realise a return by selling your tokens before the end of the investment period, depending on market demand.

In addition, returns may be realised when the underlying asset is sold at the end of the project and proceeds are distributed.

For Multiple Asset Products (MAPs): MAPs are designed as longer-term investments and are less liquid. A predefined liquidity window is planned at around 50% of the fund’s duration.

At that moment, new investors, who can now assess the fully or partially built collection, may buy into the fund by acquiring tokens from existing investors who invested earlier, when the collection was still being formed.

Final returns are realised when the fund’s assets are sold at the end of the investment period.

No. Returns are not guaranteed.

Rubey investments involve real assets whose value can increase or decrease over time. While Rubey focuses on professionally curated, historically resilient asset categories, investment outcomes depend on market conditions and cannot be predicted with certainty.

Key risks include:

- Market risk: asset values may fluctuate
- Liquidity risk: selling tokens may not always be possible at a desired moment
- Time horizon risk: investments are designed for long-term holding
- External risks such as economic or market changes

Rubey mitigates these risks through expert curation, independent valuation, institutional partnerships and, in the case of MAPs, asset diversification.

Rubey investment products typically have a duration of around 10 years.

This long-term horizon allows time for:

- Exhibition and provenance to enhance value
- Market cycles to develop
- Strategic timing of asset sales

Liquidity options, if available, are clearly defined per product.

At the end of the investment period, the underlying asset or collection of assets is prepared for sale.

Once sold:
- Proceeds are collected by the investment structure
- Costs and fees are settled
- Net proceeds are distributed to investors in proportion to their ownership

The exit process and timing are defined upfront in the project documentation.

Rubey applies a clear and transparent fee structure, which differs between SAPs and MAPs.

For Single Asset Products (SAPs):

- Rubey applies a 25% margin on the acquisition price of the asset
- There are no ongoing management fees

For Multiple Asset Products (MAPs):

- 1.5% annual management fee
- 0.5% annual collection fee
- A performance fee of 10% applies if returns exceed an 8% hurdle

The performance fee is distributed as follows:

- 50% to Rubey
- 25% to the involved curators
- 25% to the museum partner

All fees are disclosed upfront before you invest.

That depends on the type of product.

- For Single Asset Products (SAPs), tokens can be traded on the Rubey platform after the primary offering has ended, allowing investors to sell before the end of the project.

- For Multiple Asset Products (MAPs), trading is more limited. A predefined liquidity window is planned around 50% of the fund’s duration, during which existing investors can sell tokens to new investors.

Outside these moments, MAPs are intended to be held until the end of the investment period.

Trading on Rubey happens directly between verified investors.

When you place a sell order, your tokens are made available to other verified users on the platform. Once a transaction is completed, tokens are transferred from seller to buyer, and ownership is updated automatically.

All trades remain compliant because tokens can only move between whitelisted wallets.

Only verified Rubey investors can buy tokens.

This ensures that:
- Every buyer is identified and approved
- Tokens never leave the regulated Rubey ecosystem
- Ownership always remains legally clear

Unverified users or external wallets cannot receive Rubey security tokens.

Your Rubey dashboard shows:

- The number of tokens you own
- The projects you are invested in
- Your transaction history

The dashboard is under permanent development and is continuously improved to give users the best possible experience. Investor feedback is actively encouraged and can be shared at support@rubey.be.

In addition, Rubey provides regular project updates and reporting so you can follow the progress of your investment over time.

Yes.

Rubey provides ongoing updates about:

- Asset acquisitions
- Exhibitions and public displays
- Project milestones
- Market or strategic developments

The level and frequency of reporting may vary by project, but transparency is a core principle.

When new investors enter:

- They acquire tokens from existing investors (in the case of secondary trading or liquidity windows
- Or they participate in a new issuance, if applicable

In both cases, ownership is simply redistributed. Your proportional ownership only changes if you choose to buy or sell tokens yourself.

Yes.

Rubey issues regulated investment products using security tokens. These tokens are recognised financial instruments and are issued within a European legal and regulatory framework.

This means investor onboarding, token issuance and ownership tracking all follow applicable financial regulation.

Rubey investment products are structured under European financial regulation and use security tokens as the digital representation of ownership rights.

Each project is governed by:

- A regulated investment structure
- Clearly defined legal documentation
- Applicable investor protection rules

The exact framework depends on the specific product and jurisdiction and is described in the project documentation.

Tax treatment depends on your personal situation and tax residency.

Rubey investment structures are tax-transparent, meaning taxation generally occurs at investor level rather than at fund level.

Rubey does not provide individual tax advice. Investors are encouraged to consult their own tax advisor to understand how returns should be declared.

In most cases, yes.

Security tokens represent an ownership interest in an investment structure and may need to be declared as part of your assets, depending on local tax rules.

Because tax obligations vary by country and individual circumstances, consulting a tax advisor is recommended.

Each project provides two key legal documents:

- The Information Note
- The Partnership Agreement (terms and conditions)

Both documents are available via the project investment page and should be reviewed before investing.

Rubey focuses on museum-worthy assets because they combine cultural relevance, institutional validation and long-term value potential.

Assets that meet museum standards are typically scarce, well-documented and historically significant. These characteristics support long-term preservation, public interest and market demand, which are important for sustainable value creation.

Public exhibition strengthens an asset’s provenance, visibility and credibility.

When an artwork or collectible is exhibited in a recognised institution:

- It becomes publicly documented
- Its historical and cultural relevance is reinforced
- Its market perception improves over time

Exhibited assets are often more attractive at the moment of sale than comparable assets that have been kept in private storage.

Rubey focuses on real assets and regulated investments.

NFTs and speculative crypto tokens generally:

- Do not represent ownership in real-world assets
- Are not regulated investment instruments
- Carry higher volatility and legal uncertainty

Rubey uses security tokens because they combine digital efficiency with legal certainty and real underlying value.

Rubey differs from traditional art funds in several ways:

- Assets are intended to be publicly exhibited, not stored in private vaults
- Ownership is fractional and digitally recorded
- Entry thresholds are lower and more flexible
- Transparency is built into the structure by default

Rubey combines institutional-grade asset management with modern digital infrastructure.

Cultural impact is a core part of Rubey’s model, not a side effect.

By placing assets on public display, Rubey:

- Contributes to cultural heritage
- Supports museum programming and education
- Makes significant works accessible to a broad audience

Financial returns and cultural impact are aligned rather than competing objectives.

Rubey investments are designed to complement traditional assets such as stocks, bonds and real estate.

Cultural assets typically show:
- Low correlation with financial markets
- Long-term appreciation patterns
- Value drivers based on scarcity and provenance rather than short-term sentiment

This makes them suitable as an alternative investment pillar within a diversified portfolio.

Rubey positions itself as a fourth investment pillar alongside:

- Equities
- Bonds
- Real estate

Cultural and collectible assets have historically been accessible only to a limited group. Rubey’s model makes this category investable, regulated and accessible through fractional ownership, completing a modern, diversified wealth structure.

If you have any questions before, during or after investing, you can always contact the Rubey team.

For general questions, technical support or feedback about the platform, you can reach us at support@rubey.be.

We aim to respond as quickly and clearly as possible.

Yes.

Rubey is building a long-term platform and plans to launch new investment projects on a regular basis. These projects may span different asset categories, including art, digital art and collectible cars.

All future projects will follow the same core principles: regulated structures, real underlying assets, professional curation and public visibility.

The Rubey platform is under continuous development.

Over time, this includes:
- Improved dashboards and reporting tools
- More intuitive trading and liquidity features
- Better educational content for investors
- Enhanced user experience across the platform

Investor feedback plays an important role in this evolution and is actively encouraged.